初中英语重点短语用法

初中英语重点短语用法点拨

 

★according to 根据；按照

点拨：复合介词，后接名词或代词。

According to the rules that people can’t stay here for a long time.

根据规则人们不能长时间在这儿停留。

According to my watch it is six o’clock. 照我的表，现在是6点钟。

★across from  在……对面

点拨：后接地点名词。

The hospital is across from the bank. 医院在银行对面。

★agree to  同意

点拨：后接名词，表示同意或接受某事，尤其指别人提出的某事。

He agree the plan (the date). 他同意了这个计划(日期)。

We agreed to their arrangement. 我们同意了他们的安排。

★agree with……  同意/赞成某人的……

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

Generally speaking, we all agree with him. 总的说来，我们都同意他的意见。

★all kinds of  各种各样的

点拨：后接可数名词复数。

There are all kinds of birds here. 这里有各种各样的鸟。

★allow...to do  允许……做某事

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

The guard allowed Kate to leave her bike here. 门卫允许凯特把自行车放在这里。

The teacher allowed us to discuss in class yesterday.

昨天老师允许我们在课堂上讨论。

★apologize to  向……道歉

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

You should apologize to your teacher for coming late.

你应该为你的迟到向你的老师道歉.

★arrive at/ in  到达

点拨：at后接较小的地点，in后接较大的地点。

When did you arrive at the station? 你是什么时候到达火车站的?

We will arrive in Paris at 5:30 tomorrow afternoon.

我们将在明天下午五点半到达巴黎。

★ ask for 请求

点拨：后接需要的某事

He was so busy that he had to ask for help. 他太忙了，不得不请求帮助。

I decided to go to the next house and ask for food

我决定去隔壁那家要点吃的。

★ask sb for sth 向某人要/寻求某物

点拨：ask后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

He often asks his parents for help. 他经常向父母求助。

Mike always asks his mother for money. 迈克总是向他母亲要钱。

★ask sb to do sth  叫某人做某事

点拨：ask后接人名或人称代词的宾格。

The teacher told Bill to stand up and answer the question.

老师叫比尔站起来回答问题。

My mother asks me to come back on time after school every day.

我妈妈要我每天放学后按时回来。

★as soon as 一……就……

点拨：后接从句，强调两个动作几乎是同时发生。

I’ll leave as soon as I get the money! 我一拿到钱就走！

The dogs ran off as soon as we appeared. 我们一露面狗就跑了。

★a couple of  一双；一副；一对

点拨：后接连在一起共同使用的由相同、相通或相关的两部分构成的单件物品。

There is a couple of boys waiting for you. 有几个男孩在等你。

A couple of goats are butting each other. 两只山羊在用角互相顶撞。

★a pair of  一双；一副；一对

点拨：后接连在一起共同使用的由相同、相通或相关的两部分构成的单件物品。

This is a pair of chopsticks. 这是一双筷子。

Yesterday morning I went to the supermarket and bought 10 pairs of socks.

昨天上午我去超市买了10双袜子。

He bought a new pair of glasses every other month. 他每隔上个月就买一副新眼镜。

★a set of  一串；一套

点拨：后接连在一起共同

She took out a bunch of keys from her handbag. 她从提包里掏出一串钥匙来。

He gave me a set of beautiful stationery. 他送给我一套漂亮的文具。

★a (little) bit 一点儿

点拨：修饰不可数名词，常与of连用。

There is a bit of water in the bowl. 碗里有一点水。

I had a little bit of milk. 我喝了一点牛奶。

★a little 一点儿

点拨：修饰不可数名词或形容词。

I have a little money in the bank. 我在银行还有一点钱。

I could just eat a little something. 我只能吃一点点东西。

These shoes are a little too big for me. 这双鞋对我来说太大了一点。

★be afraid of  害怕

点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。

The little boy is afraid of that dog. 这个小男孩怕那只狗。

He seems to be afraid of nothing. 他好像什么也不怕。

I started to feel afraid of going out alone at night. 我开始害怕夜间单独外出了。

★be allowed to  被允许

点拨：后接动词原形。

He will not be allowed to take the exam. 他不能参加考试。

Children should not be allowed to watch violent movies. 不应允许儿童看暴力电影。

★be angry with sb 对某人生气

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

They are angry with Jim because he is not active at all.

他们对吉姆很生气因为他一点也不积极。

I’m angry with her for lying to me. 由于她说谎，我对她很生气。

★be busy doing/ with sth  忙于做某事

点拨：with后接名词或代词。

She was busy doing her homework. 她正于着做家庭作业。

He’s busy with some important work. 他正忙于一些重要工作。

★be born with  生而具有；生就

点拨：后接名词。

He was born with a good memory. 他生来记性就好。

I believe that every person is born with talent. 我相信每个人都有与生俱来的天赋。

★be different from  与……不同；不同于

点拨：后接名词或代词。

American English is very different from British English.

美国英语与英国英语有很大差异。

My pen is different from his. 我的钢笔和他的不同。

★be/get married to sb 娶/嫁某人；与某人结婚

点拨：后接后接某人或宾格。

He was/ got married to a nurse. 他娶了一位护士。

Xiaoli is married to my brother for 3 years.  Xiaoli 嫁给我的哥哥三年了。

We’re getting married next week. 我们下星期结婚。

★be filled with  用……充满/装满

点拨：后接名词。

The bottle is filled with water. 瓶子里装满了水。

As he listened to the music, his eyes filled with tears. 他听着音乐，眼睛里噙着泪水。

★be good at  擅长于……

点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。

Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅长于打篮球。

I think Lily is good at everything. 我认为莉莉擅长于每一件事情。

★be good with  与……相处得好

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

We all know that Mike is good with Jack. 我们都知道迈克与杰克处得很好。

All the time, he has been good with us. 一直以来，他与我们处得很好。

★be hard on sb   对某人太苛刻/严厉

点拨：宾语是人或宾格。

Don't be so hard on him. 别对他太苛刻了。

She begged him not to be so hard on the child. 她祈求他不要对孩子那么严厉。

★be harmful to  对……有害

点拨：表示对某事物有害。

Sweets are harmful to children's teeth. 甜食对儿童的牙齿有害。

It is well known that smoking is harmful to the health. 众所周知，吸烟对人体有害。

★be interested in  对……感兴趣

点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。

She is interested in music. 她对音乐感兴趣。

They hope you will also be interested in it. 他们也希望你对这事感兴趣。

Many children are especially interested in playing games.

许多小孩对玩游戏特别感兴趣。

★be proud of 为……骄傲/自豪

点拨：后接人或事。

we are all proud of you. 我们都为你感到骄傲。

We are proud of our achievements. 我们为我们的成就而感到自豪。

★be responsible for  对……负责

点拨：表示对某事有责任。

She should be responsible for her actions. 她应对自己的行为负责任。

Mike is responsible for designing the project. 迈克负责设计这个工程。

★be sure about  确信；对……有把握

You can be sure about their interest in it. 你可以确信他们对此很感兴趣。

We are sure about this exam. 我们最这次考试有把握。

★be similar to  与……相似

点拨：后接名词或宾格。

My problems are very similar to yours. 我的问题和你很相似。

There are many toys that are very similar to it. 有许多词与它非常相似。

★be thankful to  对……感激

点拨：后接名词或宾格。

We should be thankful to the life. 我们应对生活充满感激。

You should be thankful to him for him. 为此你应该感激他。

★be made from  由……制成/造

点拨：后接名词，强调成品看不出原料。

Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。

★be made of  由……制成/造

点拨：后接名词，强调成品看得出原料。

The table is made of wood. 桌子是由木头制成的。

★be ready for  准备好；为……准备

点拨：强调准备好某事，但事情还没做。

My mother is ready for lunch. 我妈妈准备好了做午餐。

I’m just getting the kids ready for school. 我正在让孩子们准备好去上学。

★be ready to do sth  准备好/乐意做某事

点拨：强调准备好，但事情还没做。

I’m ready to do anything you want me to do. 我准备做一切你要我做的事。

He is always ready to help his friends. 他总是乐意帮助朋友。

★be strict in 对(做)某事要求严格

点拨：后接名词或动名词。

We should be strict in (doing) our work. 对工作我们应该严格要求。

★be strict in sb  对某人要求严格

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

The teacher is very strict with John. 老师对约翰非常严格。

His father is strict with him. 他父亲对他严格要求。

★be strict in sb  对(做)某事要求严格

点拨：后接某事或做某事。

Every staff must be strict in their work. 每个员工对工作都必须严格要求。

We should be strict in our studying. 我们应该严格要求我们的学习。

★be sure about/ of   对……有把握

点拨：后接名词或代词。

I’m sure about Tom’s promise. 我对汤姆的承诺有把握。

He is sure of everything. 他对每件事都有把握。

★be used for  被用于

点拨：后接名词或动名词。

The money will be used for the estate's upkeep. 这笔钱将用于物业维护。

This tool is used for shaping wood. 这个工具是用来加工木料的。

★be used to do 被用于做某事

点拨：表示某物被用于做某事。

Wood is used to make paper. 木料被用来造纸。

★be used to doing sth 习惯做某事

点拨：强调长久养成的行为。

I am used to playing games. 我习惯玩游戏。

★be willing to do sth  愿意做某事

点拨：强调主语的自愿意识。

He’s willing to help the old man. 他愿意帮助那位老人。

★be terrified of 害怕

点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。

Many animals are terrified of the tiger. 许多动物都怕老虎。

My father terrified of killing chicken. 我父亲害怕杀鸡。

★be thirsty for 渴望

点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。

Young man should be thirsty for knowledge. 青年人应该渴望知识。

She is thirsty for news of her children. 她渴望得到孩子们的消息。

I am thirsty for it because it's very rare. 我渴望它，因为它非常罕见。

★be used as/ for  被用作……

点拨：后接名词或动名词。

The school was used as a hospital during the war. 战争期间这所学校被用作医院。

The machine is used for cutting things. 这台机器被用来切割东西。

★because of  因为

点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。

She’s been off work because of sickness. 她因病没有上班。

She didn’t go to school because of breaking his left leg. 她因左腿骨折没有上学。

★believe in  相信

点拨：后接某人或宾格。

I don’t believe in my father anymore. 我不再相信我的父亲。

They believe in me and encourage me. 他们相信我，鼓励我。

★belong to  属于；是……的成员

点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。

This book belongs to him. 这本书是他的。

They belong to the football club. 他们是足球俱乐部的成员。

★between...and  在……和……之间

点拨：连接两个同类的词。

Tom sat between Simon and Kate. 汤姆坐在西蒙和凯特中间。

Children must be taught the difference between right and wrong.

必须教儿童分清是非。。

★break into 闯进；闯入

点拨：后接某地点。

He broke into the office without knocking. 他没敲门就闯进了办公室。

The thief broke into the house and stole the computer. 窃贼闯入屋里偷走了电脑。

★break out  爆发

点拨：单独使用。

Wars often break out in this area. 这个地区经常爆发战争。

Scuffles broke out between police and demonstrators.

警察和示威者之间爆发了冲突。

★call up  打电话给……；征召

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

I don’t want to call up my mother. 我不想打电话给我母亲。

His elder brother was called up for military service. 他的哥哥应召去服兵役。

★care about  关心；担心

点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。

He really cares about the students in our class. 他的确关心我们班的学生。

My mother always cares about me. 我妈妈总是关心/ 担心我。

★care for  照顾；关心

点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。

No one else could care for my grandma, Sally explained.

萨莉解释说,没有人能照顾我奶奶。

They got a nurse to care for her. 他们找了个护士来照顾她。

★catch up with  赶上；追上

点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。

I couldn’t catch up with him. 我赶不上他。

Anyway, I have to catch up with them. 无论如何我得赶上他们。

★change……into  把……变成

点拨：change后接名词或代词，into后接名词。

They changed desert into farmland. 他们把沙漠变成了农田。

They changed it into a box. 他们把它变成了一个盒子。

★cheer up  （使）高兴起来；（使）振作起来

点拨：可单独使用，宾语一般是sb/oneself。

Hearing the good news, I cheered up. 听到这个好消息，我高兴起来。

You should cheer him/ yourself up. 你应该让他/你自己振作起来。

★clean up  打扫干净

点拨：后接名词,接代词时应用其宾格，放在clean与up中间。

Please clean up your room. 请把你的房间打扫干净。

Let’s clean them up now. I’ll give you a hand.

我们现在就来把它们打扫干净吧！我帮你。

★clean out  清理(干净)

点拨：后接名词。

He cleaned out his room. 他清理了他的房间。

This morning he cleaned them out. 今天早上他把它们清理干净了。

★close to 接近；与……关系密切

点拨：宾语是人或物。

You was standing close to the fire, it was very dangerous.

你站得离火太近，这很危险。

Tom is very close to my father. 汤姆和我父亲的关系很亲密。

★come back  回来

点拨：单独使用，常与from连用。

I've just come back from the United States 我刚从美国回来。

Perhaps it would be better if you came back tomorrow. 如果你明天回来，也许更好。

★come from 来自于；出身于

点拨：后接某地方。

Nearly half the students come from abroad. 将近一半的学生来自国外。

I come from a teacher’s family. 我出身于一个教师家庭。

★come into  进来；进入

点拨：指走进某地方。

He came into the room and shut the door. 他进了房间，把门关上。

The train slowly came into the station. 火车慢慢进入车站。

★come on  来吧；快点

点拨：单独使用，表示提醒。

Come on, let’s go. It's this way. 来吧，这边，走这条路。

Come on, it's time to put these toys away. 快点儿，现在该把这些玩具收起来了。

★come up with  想出；赶上

点拨：指想出某主意等；指赶上某人或交通工具。

How could he come up with this idea? 他怎么想出这个主意的？

I had to run to come up with him. 我得跑才能赶上他。

★come out  出来；出版

点拨：单独做谓语，不带宾语。

Do you remember switching the lights off before we came out?

你记得我们出来之前关灯了吗？

When will the dictionary come out? 那本词典什么时候出版?

★come true  成事实；实现

点拨：单独使用。

If I win, it will be a dream come true. 如果我赢了，那就是梦想成真。

His wish to study music has come true at last. 他学习音乐的愿望这回算实现了。

★compare...with  把……和……作比较

点拨：两个词后都可接名词或代词。

You can’t compare a pencil with a crayon. 你不能拿铅笔我和蜡笔做比较。

Don’t compare me with other children. 不要拿我和其他的孩子做比较。

★connect ...with 和……有关；和……有联系

点拨：前后两个宾语有一定关系。

People usually connect China with silk and good food.

人们一提到中国，往往便联想到丝绸和美食。

You need to connect with your audience. 你需要和你的观众有所交流。

★cover with  用……遮盖住

点拨：后接某物。

He covered the table with cloth. 他把桌子用布盖好了。

Cover with planks, as of a wall or a floor. 在墙上或地板上用木板覆盖。

★cry out  喊叫；呼喊

点拨：单独使用。

She wanted to cry out, but she couldn't make any sound.

她想喊叫，可是她发不出任何声音。

They heard someone cry out from inside the house. 他们听见有人在屋里大声呼喊。

★cut down  砍倒

点拨：后接名词,接代词时应用其宾格，放在cut与down中间。

Soon they cut down that big tree. 很快他们就把那颗大树砍倒了。

The apple tree was dead and he cut it down. 那棵苹果树枯死了，他把它砍掉了。

★cut off 切掉；切断

点拨：后接名词，接代词时应用其宾格，放在cut与down中间。

He has a finger cut off by a machine while work.他在工作时被机器切掉了一个手指。

Our water supply has been cut off again. 我们的供水又被切断。

★cut out 切去；割去；剪去

点拨：后接名词，接代词时应用其宾格，放在cut与down中间。

He cut off a board. 他切下一块木板。

He cut off a piece of cloth. 他割下了一块布。

He cut it out and found it would make just one pair.

他把它裁剪好，发现它刚好够做一双鞋。

★cut up  切碎

点拨：后接名词，接代词时应用其宾格，放在cut与down中间。

He cut up all the food. 他把所有的食物都切碎了。

You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. 你得把它切碎后用叉子吃。

★decide to  决定做某事

点拨：后接动词原形。

We have decided to go skating tomorrow. 我们已决定明天去滑冰。

★deal with 处理；应付

点拨：后接名词或代词。

I don’t know how they deal with the problem. 我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。

★depend on/ upon  依靠；取决于

点拨：后接名词或代词。

This will depend upon your decision. 这将取决于你的决定。

We have to depend on him to win the game. 我们得靠他来赢得比赛。

★divide (...) into 分成；把……分成……

点拨：通常用被动语态。

The school year is divided into two trimesters. 一学年分两个学期。

He divided the money into three equal parts. 他把钱平分成三份。

★die down  减弱；逐渐平息

点拨：由强到弱，表示气势、势力等变弱。

After a while, the wind began to die down. 过了一会儿，风开始减弱。

It was not until evening that the storm died down. 直到晚上暴风雨才逐渐平息。

★die of 死于

点拨：只因为疾病、事故或意外而死。

Sadly, both he and my mother died of cancer.

非常不幸的是，他和我母亲都死于癌症。

No one ever died of a broken heart. 从来没有人因为过度悲伤而死。

★dislike doing sth  不喜欢做某事

点拨：dislike后通常接动名词。

I dislike listening to Rock music. 我不喜欢听摇滚乐。

★dream of  梦见；梦想

点拨：指梦见某人或某事物；指对未来的一种期望。

I dreamed of you last night. 昨夜我梦见了你。

我梦想着有一天环游世界。

I dream of traveling around the world one day. 我梦想着有一天环游世界。

★drop by  顺道拜访

点拨：单独使用。

I’ll drop by sometime next month. 我下个月会找时间顺道去拜访

She just dropped by to see how her uncle was getting on.

她只是顺道来看看她的叔叔过得怎么样。

★due to  由于

点拨：表示原因或理由。

The expressway is closed due to bad weather. 由于天气恶劣，高速公路被封闭。

He was late due to the heavy rain. 由于下大雨，他迟到了。

★eat up  吃光；吃完

点拨：引导的让步状语从句往往是假设性的。

He ate up all the dumplings. 他吃光了所有的水饺。

I ate up all the food I could find in the fridge. 我吃完了能在冰箱里找到的食物。

★end up  结束；终结

点拨：可单独使用，也可接动名词。

After dinner we ended up at the movie. 晚饭后我们去看了电影。

The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。

★enjoy oneself 玩的高兴/愉快

点拨：后接反身代词。

Get out and enjoy yourself, make new friends. 出去走走，好好玩玩，交些新朋友。

All the boys enjoyed themselves at my birthday party.

所有的男孩都在我的生日聚会上玩得很开心。

★enjoy doing sth  喜欢/享受做某事

点拨：后接动名词。

All of us enjoy playing football. 我们都喜欢踢足球。

My sister enjoy listening to music. 我妹妹喜欢听音乐。

★even if  即使；尽管

点拨：引导的让步状语从句往往是假设性的。

Even if I fail, I will never give up. 即使失败，我也绝不放弃。

★even though  即使；尽管

点拨：引导让步状语从句。

He can draw even though he’s only 5 years. 即使/尽管他只有五岁但会画画。 

★fall asleep  入睡；睡着

点拨：强调睡的状态。

The baby fell asleep in its mother's arms. 小孩儿在妈妈的怀里入睡了。

She was so tired that she fell asleep quickly. 她非常疲劳，很快就睡着了。

★fall down 摔倒，跌倒；倒塌

点拨：指某人摔倒；构造物倒塌。

In the rainstorm, he fell down over and over again.

在暴雨中，他一次又一次地摔倒。

Many buildings fell down during the earthquake. 在地震中许多楼房倒塌。

★fall over  摔倒；跌倒

点拨：单独使用，主语通常是人。

Children often fall over while coming down the stairs. 小孩子经常在下楼时摔倒。

Mary hurt herself when she fell over. 玛丽跌倒时受了伤。

★feel free 随便（做某事）

点拨：后接动词不定式。

Feel free to ask questions if you don't understand. 你要是不懂，可以随便提问。

Please feel free to say what you really think. 请随便说说你的真实想法吧。

★feel like  有……的感觉；感受到

点拨：后接名词或代词。

I felt like a hurt animal. 我感觉像一个受伤的动物。

★find out  发现；找到

点拨：指通过努力查明一个事实真相，找出不容易被发现的东西。

She finally found out my secret. 她最终发现了我的秘密。

Peter has found out a new way to learn Chinese. 彼得找到了学习汉语的新方法。

★finish doing  完成做某事；做完某事

点拨：finish后接动名词。

She has to finish doing her homework now. 现在，她不得不完成作业。

When she finished playing the piano, I pointed out a few small mistakes.

她弹完琴后，我给她指出了几个小错误。

★fix up  修理

点拨：后接名词或代词，相当于repair。

The garage man fixed up the old car and sold it.

这个汽车修理工把那辆旧汽车修好了，并把它卖掉.

★forget to do/ doing  忘记做某事

点拨：forget to do表示忘记还没做的事，forget doing表示忘记已做过的事。

Don’t forget to close the door. 别忘了关门。

I forgot posting the letter. 我忘了信已寄出。

★get on/ off 上/下车

点拨：单独使用。

Where do we get on the bus? 我们在哪儿上公共汽车？

I’m getting off at the next station. 我在下一站下车。

★get back to  答复；返回到

点拨：后接地点名词或人称代词的宾格。

Let me get back to you. 我过一会儿打给你吧。

I think I should get back to work. 我想我该回去工作了。

★get on/along with  与……相处

点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。

How are you getting o with your parents? 你和父母亲相处得如何？

Mary gets along well with us. 玛丽和我们相处得很好。

★get to 到达

点拨：后接地点名词。

He didn’t get to the hotel until midnight. 他半夜才到达旅馆。

As soon as we got to school, it began to rain. 我们一到学校就下起雨来。

★get out of 离开；从……出来

点拨：后接表示地点的名词。

He got out of the car, and looked around. 他下了汽车，看了看四周。

I still haven't got out of the mountain village. 我还没有这个山村。

★get up  起床

点拨：单独使用。

They have to get up early in the morning. 他们大清早就得起床。

★get used to (doing) sth / get used to sth 习惯于（做）某事

点拨：强调现在还在做。

Tom wasn’t used to noise, but he gets used to it.

汤姆之前并不习惯于噪音，但是现在习惯了。

You will get used to the food here. 你会习惯这里的伙食的。

★give away  赠送；捐赠

点拨：接代词时应用其宾格，放在give与away中间。

The Public Relation people give away 100, 000 balloons.

公共关系公司的人们赠送了10万个气球。

I will fix up the bikes and give them away. 我将修这些理自行车并捐赠它们。

★give off 放出；发出

点拨：指释放出（气体、热量、气味等）。

Cars give off much poisonous gas every day. 汽车每天释放出很多有害气体。

The flowers give off a sweet fragrance. 花散发出甜美的香气。

★give out  分发；散发

点拨：指分发书、卷、报纸和散发传单等；宾语是代词时用宾格，放在give与out 中间。

You can help us to give out the newspapers. 你可以帮助我们分发报纸。

A young woman gave out leaflets to all those who entered the hall.

一个年轻的妇女向所有进入大厅的人散发传单。

★give up  放弃

点拨：宾语是代词时用宾格，放在give与up中间。

He had to give up his job.

他不得不放弃工作。

Mike advised his father to give up smoking. 迈克劝告他父亲戒烟。

I won’t give it up before I find a new job. 我在找到新工作以前不会放弃的。

★go by （时间）流逝；过去

点拨：单独使用。

As time go by my memory seem to get worse.

随著时间的流逝，我的记忆力似乎越来越差。

As the months went by, I began to realize that I was hopeless.

几个月过去了，我开始意识到我没希望了。

★go off  发出响声

点拨：通常指闹钟、鞭炮等发出声音。

The alarm went off at half past seven in the morning. 闹钟在早上七点半响了。

The firecracker didn’t go off. 爆竹没响。

★go out of one’s way to do sth  特地(不怕麻烦)做某事

点拨：one’s与主语一致。

They went out of their way to help us. 他们特地来帮助我们。

★grow up  长大

点拨：单独使用，指长大成人。

Nowadays kids grow up so quickly. 如今孩子们成长得真快。

The three sisters have grown up. 她们三姐妹三个已经长大成人了。

★hand in  上交

点拨：通常指上交作业、拾到的失物等。

You should hand in your composition the day after tomorrow.

后天你应该上交你的作文。

I'll hand in these things to the lost and found center.

我会上交这些东西给失物招领中心。

★hand out  分发；散发

点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。

The teacher had the monitor hand out the papers. 老师让班长分发试卷。

Ask your cousin to hand them out at lunch tomorrow.

叫你表兄在吃午饭的时候把它们发出去。

★happen to  碰巧

点拨：指某意外的事发生在某人身上或碰巧发生某意外的事。

The same thing happened to me last week. 上星期我也遇到了同样的事。

She happened to be out when we called. 我们打电话时她刚巧不在家。

★help sb (to) do sth  意为“帮助某人做某事”，

点拨：to通常省略。

I hope you will help me find the answer.  我希望你能帮我找到答案。

★help sb with sth  在某事上帮助某人

点拨：help后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

Can you help him with this work ? 你能帮助他完成这项工作吗？

★help sb out  帮助某人解决困难

点拨：help后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

My father helped David out. 我父亲帮助大卫摆脱了困境。

He always helps me out with money. 他总是用金钱帮我渡过难关。

★hold on to  坚持

点拨：后可接名词或代词。

She will hold on to a plan of her own. 她将坚持她自己的计划。

If we believed something was true, good and beautiful we should hold on to it.

如果我们认为某些事物是真善美的，就应该坚持。

★help oneself to  请随便吃/喝……

点拨：后接食物或饮品。

Help yourself to the fruit. 请随便吃水果。

Help yourself to some tea.  请随便喝点茶。

★hear about  听说/ 到

点拨：指听到关于某人或某事。

I'm pleased to hear about your news. 听到你的消息我很高兴。

She was surprised to hear about her mistake. 听到自己犯的错误，她感觉很惊讶。

★hear of  听说

点拨：后接某人或某事。

I’ve heard of the famous professor. 我听说过那个著名的教授。

We have heard of the war. 我们听说过那场战争。

★hear from  收到……的来信

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

I heard from my teacher yesterday. 我昨天收到我老师的来信。

I’m very glad to hear from you. 收到你的来信，我非常高兴。

★hundreds of  成百上千；许许多多

点拨：后接可数名词复数。

There are hundreds of people in the hall. 大厅里有成百上千的人。

Hundreds of birds come from the south. 许许多多鸟从南方飞来。

★hang out  闲逛；逗留

点拨：指无目地的闲荡。

I used to hang out in supermarkets. 我过去经常在超市里闲逛。

Don't hang out here. 不要在这里逗留。

★hurry to  匆忙/ 急忙去

点拨：表示匆忙或急忙去某地。

He hurried to a hospital. 他匆忙去了一家医院。

She hurried to the kitchen in back of the store. 她急忙进到商店后面的厨房。

★hurry up 赶紧；赶快

点拨：可单独使用，常用来提醒。

Hurry up! We’re going to be late. 快点！我们要迟到了。

He told me to hurry up and take my bath. 他告诉我快点洗澡。

★instead of  代替

点拨：后接名词、代词和动名词等。

I give him advice instead of money. 我给了他忠告而不是给他钱。

He will do the work instead of you. 他将代替你做这项工作。

Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.

现在我可以步行去上班，而不必开车了。

★in order to  以便；为了

点拨：后接动词原形，表示目的。

He walked about in order to keep warm. 他来回走动以便使身体暖和。

★introduce sb to...  把某人介绍给……

点拨：to后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

You should introduce me to Peter. 你应该把我介绍给彼得。

Let me introduce my friend to you. 我把我的朋友介绍给你。

★invite sb to do sth  邀请某人做某事

点拨：invite后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

They will invite Betty to play table tennis. 他们将邀请贝蒂打乒乓球。

We invited her to have dinner with us. 我们邀请她共进晚餐。

★in front of  在……前面

点拨：强调在某范围外的前面。

There is a tree in front of the classroom. 教室的前面有一棵树。

★in the front of  在……前面

点拨：强调在某范围内的前面。

There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室前面有一块黑板。

★jump up  跳起来

点拨：指向上跃起。

I jumped up to catch a ball and fell over. 我跳起来接球，结果摔了个跟头。

★join in  加入；参加

点拨：指加入或参加某活动。

He hopes that more people will join in protecting natural ecosystems.

他希望更多的人加入到保护自然生态系统的行列中来。

They have agreed to join in a public meeting. 他们同意参加公共集会。

★jump into  跳进

点拨：指跃起跳到某地方。

He jumped into the river to save the man. 他跳进河里，去救那个人。

★jump off/ down  跳下

点拨：指从某某物体上往下跳。

Monkeys can easily jump off the tree. 猴子能轻易地从树上跳下来。

She jumped down from the chair. 她从椅子上跳了下来。

★keep (...) away from  远离

点拨：指避开某些不利的事。

As long as you can keep away from them, you're safe.

只要你离他们远一点, 你就会安全.

You should keep the fish away from the cat. 你应该让鱼远离猫。

★keep doing sth  坚持做某事

点拨：强调动作的继续和反复，不间断或保持一种状态。

He kept talking until the meeting was over. 他一直在说，直到会议结束。

He kept on repeating the words over and over. 他一遍又一遍重复这几句话。

★keep on   继续

点拨：表示保持做某事，后常接动名词。

Keep on reading the text until you've learned it by heart. 继续读课文，记住了才算数。

Keep on learning as long as you live. 活到老，学到老。

★keep...to oneself  保守秘密

点拨：keep后接的宾格和oneself 应与主语人称一致。

You must keep you to yourselves. 你们必须保守秘密。

★know about  知道；了解

点拨：后接某人或某事物。

You know about Andy. 你知道安迪的情况。

We all know about the environment in Australia. 我们都了解澳大利亚的环境。

★laugh at 取笑；嘲笑

点拨：后接某人。

She is not afraid to laugh at herself. 她不怕取笑自己。

If you could see me now, you would laugh at me.

如果你现在能看到我，你一定会嘲笑我的。

★let...down  使……失望

点拨：let接某人或人称代词的宾格。

Work hard, or let your parents down．努力工作，不然会让你父母失望的。

★listen to  听

点拨：后接名词或代词。

I listen to the radio on the way to work. 我在上班的路上听广播。

No matter what kind of music you like, you can listen to it.

无论你喜欢哪种音乐，你都可以听。

★look after  照顾；照料

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

She is too busy to look after her child. 她太忙，没有时间照顾孩子。

He will look after me this weekend. 这个周末他会照料我。

★look at  看

点拨：后接人或物或人称代词的宾格。

Everyone looked at Betty with strange eyes. 大家都用异样的眼光看着贝蒂。

We sneaked a look at her diary. 我们偷偷看了一眼她的日记。

However you look at me, I won't say anything. 不管你怎么看，我不会说什么。

★look back at   追忆；回顾

点拨：指会议过去的人或物。

One day, people will start to look back at the past. 总有一天，人们会开始追忆往事。

We look back at history, to grasp our present and future.

我们回顾历史，是为了更好地把握今天和未来。

★look for 寻找

点拨：强调“找”的动作或过程。

He is looking for his watch. 他在找手表。

She looked for him but couldn’t see him in the crowd.

她在人群里找来找去，但没看见他。

★look forward to  期待；期盼

点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。

I look forward to hearing from you. 我期待你的来信。

I now look forward to going back to work as soon as possible

我现在期盼尽早回到工作岗位。

★look like 看起来像

点拨：表示看起来与(某人或某物)相像，强调外观。

The man looks like our teacher. 那人看起来像我们的老师。

Ducks look like geese. 鸭子看起来像鹅。

★look through  浏览；翻阅

点拨：后接名词或代词。

Every morning my father looks through the paper for something interesting to read.

每天早上我爸爸都浏览一下报纸，找些有趣的来看。

The sisters began to look through photograph album. 姐妹俩开始翻阅照相本。

★look up   查找

点拨：指在书或词典里查找。

You can look up this sentence in Chinese books. 你能在语文书里能查找这个句子。

You can look up words you don’t know in the dictionary.

你可以在词典里面查找你不认识的单词。

★look up to  敬仰；钦佩

点拨：宾语通常是人。

The students all look up to the old professor. 学生们都很敬仰那位老教授。

You are someone to look up to no matter what progress I've made.

不管我取得多大的进步你都是我最钦佩的人。

★leave for 动身去

点拨：指动身出发去某地。

John is leaving for London Next Friday. 约翰下周五要去伦敦了。

★leave from从……离开

点拨：后接地点名词或代词。

What time does the boat leave from New York? 船什么时间离开纽约？

You must leave from here and come back here. 你要从这里离开，再回到这里。

★make a decision  作出决定

点拨：表示针对某件特别的事做出决定。

I made a decision to give up smoking. 我决定戒烟。

★make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用

点拨：表示有影响和起的作用大。

Inventions usually make a big difference to people’s lives.

发明通常对人们的生活有很大的影响。

Anything that we did will make a difference. 我们所做的一切都会起重要作用。

★make a mistake/ mistakes 犯错；出错

点拨：表示犯错误或出错误。

They avoid challenges because challenges make mistakes more likely.

他们躲避挑战，因为挑战更容易犯错。

When we make a mistake, she often makes us stand up.

当我们出了错，她经常让我们站起来。

★make one’s way 前往；费力地前进

点拨：后常用动词不定式，表示付出努力而达到某一目标。

He’s tired, but she still made her way to work. 凯特很累，但她还是前去上班。

★make sure  确信；确保；确定

点拨：后常接宾语从句以及of和to等。

He made sure that the windows were closed. 他确信/确定窗户关了。

You’d better make sure of the time. 你最好确定一下时间。

Make sure to keep your key with you next time. 下次要确保随身携带钥匙。

★make up  编造

点拨：其所接宾语通常为故事、诗歌、谎言和借口等名词。

He's very good at making up stories．他很善于编故事。

★more than  超过；多于

点拨：常与数词连用。

I’ve known him for more than twenty years. 我认识他已超过二十年了。

★no longer/ not...any longer 不再

点拨：强调时间上的“不再”，通常位于实意动词前、助动词后或句末。

He knows that he is no longer young. 他知道自己不再年轻。

I’m sorry but I can't stay any longer. 很抱歉，我不能再待下去了。

★no more/ not...any more 不再

点拨：强调程度上的“不再”，通常位于实意动词前、助动词后或句末。

It seems no more related to our daily life. 这好像与我们的生活不再有什么联系。

Now she won’t have to go out to work any more. 现在她不必再出去工作了。

★not...in the slightest  一点都不……；根本不……

点拨：not后接形容词或动词原形。

I don’t like eating apple in the slightest. 我一点也不喜欢吃苹果。

★not...until  直到……才

点拨：until后接时间或从句。

Li Lei didn’t come until the film had begun. 直到电影开始李雷才来。

★neither...nor  既不……也不……

点拨：表否定意义，连接两个并列成份。

Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天爸爸妈妈都不在家。

★or so  大约；左右

用法点拨：通常放在被修饰成分后。

This kind of plane weighs 10 tons or so. 这种飞机重10吨左右。

★one another  互相；彼此

点拨：常用于三者或三者以上之间。

The members of the team support one another. 队员们相互支持。

★pass by  经过；

点拨：可单独使用，也可后接地点名词。

Pass by here then go down! 从这儿过去，然后向下走。

I see them pass by my house every day 我每天看见他们从我家旁边经过。

★pay attention to  注意

点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。

We should pay more attention to the safety of students in school.

我们应该更加注意学生的在校安全。

You must pay attention to his spelling. 你必须注意拼写。

★pay for  为……支付

点拨：表示为某事付钱。

How much rent do you pay for this place? 你租这个地方的租金是多少？

★pick up  拿起；捡起；(用车)接载

点拨：接名词时,可放在其后或两个词中间，接代词时必须放在两个词中间。

Mr Green picked up his hat and went out. 格林先生拿起帽子出去了。

He picked up a pen on the road. 他在路上捡起一支钢笔。

We’ll drive to the airport to pick you up tomorrow. 我们明天开车去机场接你。

★play the role of   起作用

点拨：后接名词或代词。

It has played the role of promoting cultural exchanges among different countries.

它发挥了促进各国文化交流的作用。

★play with  和……一起玩；玩……

点拨：后接名词或代词。

The young girl loved to play with her playmates.

这个小女孩喜欢和她的伙伴一起玩。

Children like to play with water. 小孩爱玩水。

★plenty of  大量的；充足的

点拨：后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。

We should eat plenty of fruit and vegetables. 我们应该吃大量的水果和蔬菜。

In hot weather, drink plenty of water. 天热时要多喝水。

★point to 指向

点拨：表示指向离说话人较远的人或物，to也是介词，着重于指的方向。

At midday both hands point to twelve. 正午两个指针都指向十二点。

★point out 指出

点拨：后接名词和that从句。

He pointed out my mistake. 他指出了我的错误。

It has been pointed out that many parents will not educate their children.

有人指出许多家长不会教育孩子。

★prepare for   为……准备

点拨：表示为某事准备。

It was not until Saturday that he began to prepare for the examination.

他直到星期六才开始为考试作准备。

It is never too early to prepare for the future. 为将来作准备越早越好。

★provide...with...  提供某人某物

点拨：表示提供给某人某物。

The government wanted provide them with food. 政府想给他们提供食物。

They will provide us with eggs and meat. 他们将为我们提供鸡蛋和鸡肉。

★provide...for...  提供某物给某人

点拨：表示提供某物给某人。

The government will provide much food for the people in the earthquake.

政府将为地震中的人们提供大量的食物。

Food can provide energy for us. 食物可以给我们提供能量。

★prevent...from 阻止...做某事

点拨：后接动名词或其短语。

He prevented me from going there. 他阻止我去那里。

The bad weather conditions prevented the plane from landing

糟糕的天气使飞机无法降落。

★pull...down  拆下；摧毁

点拨：接代词时应用其宾格，放在put与down中间。

It is easier to pull down than to build up. 拆房容易盖房难。

The old lady was flung out of the house because the owner wanted to pull it down.

房东要拆掉这所房子，所以这位老太太被赶了出来。

★put away  收好；把…收起；放好

点拨：后接名词，接代词时应用其宾格，放在put与away中间。

You should put away your food. 你应该把食物收起来/ 放好。

I want to put them away before this afternoon. 我想在下午之前把它们收好/ 放好。

★put...in/ into  把……放/进

点拨：put后接名词或代词。

Put the book in the box. 把书放在盒子里。

Put the apples into the bag. 把苹果放进袋子里。

★put off  推迟；延期

点拨：单独使用,常用于被动语态。

The meeting will be put off till next week. 会议延期到下周。

★put on  穿

点拨：宾语是代词时，必须放在两个词中间。

She put on her coat and went out. 她穿上大衣出去了。

It's cold outside. Put it on. 外面冷，穿上它。

★put up  举起；张贴；搭建

点拨：宾语是代词时，必须放在两个词中间。

All the students put up their hands. 所有的学生都举起了手。

Please put up the map on the wall.

请把地图贴在墙上。

He was putting up a new fence at his home. 他正在为自己家搭建新的篱笆墙。

★quite a few  相当多

点拨：后接可数名词复数。

There are quite a few books in the library. 在这个图书馆里有相当多的书。

★remind...of  使……想起

点拨：remind后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

The gift will always remind me of you. 这个礼物将使我永远想到你。

★remember to do/doing 记得做某事

点拨：remember to do表示记得要做的事，remember doing表示记得做过某事。

Remember to post the letter for me. 记住给我邮这封信。

I remember seeing him last month. 我记得上个月见过他。

★run after  追赶

点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。

If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. 两只兔都赶，一只也逮不着。

After that no one will run after me. 之后就不会有人再追着我了。

★run away 逃跑

点拨：后常接from。

The thief snatched her purse and ran away. 小偷抢了她的钱包逃跑了。

Their son ran away from home. 他们的儿子离家出走了。

★run out (of)  用完；耗尽

点拨：run out of的主语只能是人，run out的主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。

I’ve run out of money. 我把钱用完了。

Her money ran out. 她的钱用完了。

★stand up 起立；站起来

点拨：单独使用。

The students should stand up when class begins. 开始上课时学生要起立。

The baby girl is able to stand up and walk. 这个女婴能站起来走路了。

★seem to do sth 似乎/好像要做某事

点拨：seem后接动词不定式。

I seem to have caught a cold. 我似乎感冒了。

Some people seem to do it as a hobby. 有些人这样做好像仅仅是一种消遣。

★seem to be 似乎；似乎是；好像是

点拨：seem后通常接形容词。

The old man seems to be asleep. 那老人似乎睡着了。

This feeling seems to be natural. 这种感触似乎是自然的。

Eating seems to be his only interest in life. 吃好像是他生活中唯一的嗜好。

★sell at  以……价格出售

点拨： at后接单价。

All bikes will be sold at a discount of 15%. 所有的自行车都有15%的折扣。

★sell out  卖完；售完

点拨：主语可以是人，常用于被动语态。

This kind of mooncake have been sold out. 这种月饼已经被买完了。

★set off  出发；动身

点拨：单独使用。

We’ll set off at 6:30 in the afternoon. 我们将在下午6:30出发。

★set out  动身；出发

点拨：单独使用。

They set out on the last stage of their journey. 他们动身踏上最后一段行程。

They decided to set out right away. 他们决定立刻出发。

★set up  建立；设立

点拨：指建立某个单位或设立某个组织。

He has just set up his own business. 他刚建立起自己的公司

He had set up two charitable trusts. 他已设立了两个慈善信托机构。

★shoot at 向……射击

点拨：后接某人或某物。

Soldiers guarding the city would shoot at the enemy from up there.

守城的士兵可以在上面向敌人射击。

A hunter is shooting at a flock of birds. 一个猎人正在向一群鸟射击。

★shout off  切断；关掉

点拨：后接名词。

You should shout off the power first. 你应该先切断电源。

They pulled over and shut off the engine. 他们把车停到路边并关掉了发动机。

★sit down  坐下

点拨：单独使用。

Come and sit down and have a rest. 来坐下歇一会儿吧。

My leg still aches when I sit down. 坐下时我的腿还会痛。

★spend...in/on 在……花费

点拨：in后接动名词，on后接名词。

They spent two years (in) building the bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

He doesn't spend much time on English. 他花在英语上的时间不多。

★stay away from  远离……；与……保持距离

点拨：后接名词或代词。

We must stay away from drugs. 我们必须远离毒品。

★stop doing sth  停止做某事

点拨：指停止正在做的事。

When they saw the teacher, they stopped talking.

当他们看到老师时，他们停止了讲话。

I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。

★stop to do sth  停止下来做某事

点拨：指停止做的事开始做另一件事。

I'm tired. Let’s stop to have a rest. 我累了，咱们停下来休息一会吧。

I was lost and had to stop to ask the way. 我迷路了只好停下来问路。

★stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

点拨：stop后接某人。

My mum stopped me from playing games. 我妈妈阻止我玩游戏。

I tried to stop my father from smoking, but failed。

我尽力阻止爸爸抽烟，但是失败了。

★suggest doing  建议做某事

点拨：suggest后接动名词。

He suggested going out for a walk. 他建议出去走走。

I suggest making a plan first. 我建议先制定一个计划。

★talk to  和……交谈

点拨：宾语通常是人。

I want to talk to her about it. 我想和她谈谈这事儿。

Talk to your doctor if you're still worried. 如果你仍然不放心，就找医生谈一谈。

★talk about  谈论

点拨：宾语通常是人或事物。

Let them talk about me. 随他们怎么说我吧。

When they get together, all they talk about is football.

他们在一起时，谈论的都是足球。

★talk back 顶嘴 ；顶撞

点拨：单独使用。

Speaking to your parents, you’d better not talk back. 跟你父母说话时最好不要回嘴。

He won’t talk back to me because he is wrong. 他不会顶撞我的，因为他错了。

★talk with  与……谈话

点拨：宾语通常是人。

He often has a heart-to-heart talk with the workers. 他经常和工人们促膝谈心。

I had to talk with her.  我得和她谈一谈。

★take after  像

点拨：指在外表、举止、性格方面像或像某家庭成员。

Mary really takes after her mother. 玛丽长得真像她的妈妈。

The two brothers take after their father. 兄弟俩像他们的父亲。

★take away带走,拿走

点拨：如宾语是名词，可放在其后或两个词中间；如宾语是代词，必须放在两个词中间。

He took away my basketball. 他把我的篮球带走了。

Take it away when you go out. 出去时把它带走。

★take care of  照顾；照料

点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。

He wants to take care of that old man. 他想照顾那位老人。

★take down意为拆除、取下、记录

点拨：拆掉（建筑物等）；把某物从一个地方拿下来；用书面形式记录下来。

They will take down these old houses. 他们将拆除这些旧房子。

My father took the map down from the wall. 我父亲把地图从墙上取下来。

He took down the new words in the blackboard. 他把黑板上的生词记了下来。

★take in 吸入；吞入

点拨：指脱掉衣物等或飞机起飞。

Humans take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. 人吸入氧气，呼出二氧化碳。

Leaves take in sunlight. 叶子吸收阳光。

★take off 脱掉；起飞

点拨：指脱掉衣物等或飞机起飞。

He felt hot and took off his sweater. 他感到很热，把毛衣脱了。

When will the plane take off? 飞机何时起飞？

★take place发生

点拨：指原来不存在的事或事件出现了。

The incident took place about 500 meters from where he was standing

事故发生在距他所站位置大约500米远的地方。

Great changes took place between the two world wars.

两次世界大战之间发生了巨大的变化。

★take pride in  以…自豪；对…感到满意

点拨：宾语通常是某事。

I take pride in my work. 我为自己的工作感到骄傲。

Parents take pride in the success of their children.

父母常因自己孩子的成功感到自豪。

★tell (...) about... 告诉/讲述……关于……

点拨：指告诉(某人)关于某事。

He told me about his unhappy childhood. 他告诉了我他不幸福的童年。

She didn’t want to tell about the past. 她不愿讲述她往昔的事情。

★thanks to  多亏；得亏

点拨：表示由于别人的帮助或某种有利因素，避免了不幸或得到了好处。

I want you to know that thanks to you. 我希望你知道，多亏了你。

Thanks to you, I finished the work quickly. 得亏了你，工作很快就完成了。

★think about  考虑

点拨：后接名词或动名词，接名词时可放在其后或两个词中间，接代词时必须放在两个词中间。

They’re thinking about buying a new car．他们正在考虑买一辆新车。

★think of 想起

点拨：后接某人或某事物。

He suddenly thought of his parents in the country. 他突然想起了乡下的父母。

I’m happy when I think of the poems I wrote then.

每当我想起我那时写的诗歌就开心。

★think over 仔细考虑

点拨：接名词时可放在其后或两个词中间，接代词时必须放在两个词中间。

I suggest you think over your plan carefully. 我建议你认真考虑一下你的计划。

★thousands of  成千上万的

点拨：后接可数名词复数。

There are thousands of ducks on the lake. 湖面有成千上万的鸭子。

★throw away  扔掉；丢掉

点拨：如宾语是代词，必须放在两个词中间。

Every day people throw away about 2, 500 tons of paper in our city.

在我们的城市里，人们每天扔掉大约2500吨纸。

You should throw away useless clothes. 你应该丢掉那些无用的衣服。

★throw (...) into  扔进……；把……扔进

点拨：如宾语是代词，必须放在两个词中间。

He is throwing some stones into the lake. 他正把一些石头扔进湖里。

A lot of rubbish is thrown into the sea. 许多垃圾被扔进了海里。

I want to throw them all into the house. 我想把它们都扔进屋里。

★try one’s best  尽力

点拨：后接动词不定式。

We should do our best to help these orphans. 我们应该尽力帮助这些孤儿。

★turn (...) into 变成；把……变成

点拨：可用主动语态或被动语态。

Water becomes solid when the temperature goes down to zero.

温度降到零度，水就变成了固体。

A wise man can turn chance into good luck. 一个聪明人能把机会变成好运。

He has been turned into a frog. 他被变成一个青蛙了。

★turn on/ off  打开/关掉

点拨：打开/关掉（水、电器、灯、煤气等）。

Please turn on/ off the radio. 请把收音机打开/关上。

Please turn on/off the tap first. 请先打开/关掉水龙头。

★turn up/ down 开大或调高/关小或调低（电器、暖气、炉火等）

点拨：通常指开大或调高/关小或调低（电器、暖气、炉火等）

Bill would turn up the radio in the other room

比尔会把另一个房间里的收音机声音开大。

Turn down the TV. I'm on the phone. 把电视音量关小，我正在打电话。

★the same as  和……一样

点拨：后接名词或代词。

This pen is the same as mine. 这支钢笔和我的一样。

★talk about  谈论

点拨：表示谈论某人或某事。

Please don’t talk about this problem. 请不要谈这个问题。

★teach oneself  自学

点拨：oneself应与主语一致。

I teach myself English in my spare time. 业余时间我自学英语。

★try doing sth 尝试做某事

点拨：指做以前买做过的事。

This is her first that she tried playing basketball. 这是她第一次尝试打篮球。

★try on   试穿；试戴

点拨：宾语是代词时用宾格，放在try与on中间。

Then why don’t you try on the shoes by yourself?

那你为什么不自己试穿这双鞋呢?

I’d like to try it on. 我想试戴它。

★try one's best  尽力

点拨：后接动词不定式。

But first of all, you have to try your best to pass the exam.

不过首先你得尽力通过考试。

★try out  参加……选拔；试用

点拨：指按条件参加某职位或团队等的选拔，经认可合格而被挑选。试用某物或产品。

David decided to try out for the company manager. 大卫决定参加公司经理的选拔。

We are going to try out for the basketball team. 我们打算参加篮球队的选拔。

I want to try out this car. 我想试用这款小汽车。

★try to do sth   试图；设法

点拨：指想法做某事或努力做某事。

A nurse began to try to save his life. 一名护士开始试图挽救他的生命。

We should try to save water. 我们应设法节约用水。

★up to  到达；达到

点拨：表示到达或达到某数量或程度等；也可表示数量至多有或不多于。

We visited up to ten scientists yesterday. 昨天我们拜访了十位科学家。

The temperature is up to 15℃. 气温来到15度。

★use up  用完；耗尽

点拨：主语必须是人。

They have used up their money．他们已经把钱花光了。

★used to  过去常常

点拨：后接动词原形。

I used to come home late at night. 我过去常常深夜回家

★wait for  等待；等候

点拨：指等人或等车。

I'm quite happy to wait for you here. 我非常高兴在此等候你。

I walk to a street corner and wait for the school bus 我走到街角等校车。

★wake up  醒来；叫醒

点拨：接名词时可放在其后或两个词中间，接代词时必须放在两个词中间。

I usually wake up at seven in the morning. 我通常起床在早上七点。

Mum wakes me up at six in the morning. 妈妈在早上六点叫醒我。

★walk along/ down 沿着……走

点拨：指顺着（江河、道路或物体的边）。

Did you use to walk along the river? 你过去经常沿河边散步吗？

I often walk along the road to our school. 我经常沿着这条路去我们学校。

Walk down this street to the end then turn right. 沿街走到尽头再往右拐。

★walk into  走进；走路时撞着

点拨：表示步行从外面进入某个地方，强调行走的方向。

A boy is walking into the reading room. 一个男孩正走进阅览室。

I walked into a chair. 我走路碰到了椅子。

★warn sb (not) to do sth  警告/告诫某人(不)做某事

They warned him to leave here at once. 他们警告他马上离开这里。

The police warned us not to go out at night. 警察告诫我们夜间不要出门。

★write about  写……的事

点拨：后接名词或代词。

Mike, write about your father. 迈克，写一写你的父亲。

★work out  解决；算出

Finally she worked out the problem. 最后她解决了这个问题。

I can’t work out this maths problem. 我不能算出这道数学题。

★worry about  担心；担忧

Don't worry about my illness. 不要担心我的病。

★write down  写下

点拨：接名词时可放在其后或两个词中间，接代词时必须放在两个词中间。

Write down these numbers, please! 请写下这些数字。